{"title":"Giuseppe Verdi Sheet Music","description":"\u003cp\u003eExplore over 230 works by Giuseppe Verdi, from his most celebrated operas to lesser-known gems. This collection features vocal scores, conductor scores, parts, and arrangements spanning choral works like \u003cem\u003eRequiem\u003c\/em\u003e, operatic selections from \u003cem\u003eLa Traviata\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAida\u003c\/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eLa Forza del Destino\u003c\/em\u003e, plus concert band and full orchestra arrangements. Whether you're a choir director, band conductor, soloist, or orchestral musician, find Verdi's dramatic melodies in formats suited to intermediate and advanced performers. Digital purchases are accessible as PDF downloads in your Alfred Music digital library.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"la-traviata-reduced-orchestration-36-a823690","title":"La Traviata [reduced orchestration]: Full Orchestra Conductor Score and Parts","description":"LA TRAVIATA (The Fallen Woman) is based on \"La Dame aux camélias\" (1852), a play adapted from the novel by Alexandre Dumas fils. The opera was originally titled \"Violetta,\" after the main character. Piave and Verdi wanted to follow Dumas in giving the opera a contemporary setting, but the authorities at La Fenice insisted that it be set in the past, ca. 1700. It was not until the 1880’s that the composer’s and librettist’s original wishes were carried out and “realistic” productions were staged. LA TRAVIATA has become immensely popular and is among the most frequently performed of all operas. This reduced orchestration by Osbourne McConathy is intended to make the work accessible to a wider number of opera companies. Instrumentation: 1(d.Piccc).1.2.1: 2.1.1.1: Timp.Perc(2): Str (4-4-3-3-3): Vocal soli (12 roles, SSATTTBBBBBB): Chorus: SCORE NOT AVAILABLE. Use score from full orchestration, Kalmus # A234101.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44563638714504,"sku":"36-A823690","price":625.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A823690_large_a27e0b1e-1d33-4c83-8976-ad6988d7f0fa.jpg?v=1779256292"},{"product_id":"aida-act-ii-finale-complete-includes-triumphal-march-and-ballet-music-36-a220501","title":"Aida: Act II, Finale (complete, includes Triumphal March and Ballet Music): Full Orchestra, Full Score","description":"AIDA, with music by Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901) and a libretto by Antonio Ghislanzoni, is a staple of the operatic repertoire. The story, set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt, tells of tragic love challenged by jealousy and loyalty to country and family. Commissioned by Cairo's Khedivial Opera House, it was premiered there on December 24th, 1871 in a performance conducted by Giovanni Bottesini, although, due to a limited audience, Verdi considered the performance at La Scala in Milan on February 8th, 1872 to be the true premiere. The Finale to Act II, which includes the Triumphal March and Ballet from the opera, has become a part of popular culture, showcasing the grand spectacle found in opera. Instrumentation: 2+Picc.2.2.2: 4.2+Egyptian Tpt.3.1: Timp.Perc(3): Str (4.4.3.3.3 in set): 15 Banda Pts: Vocal Soli: Mixed Chorus (The appropriate vocal\/choral score to match this set of orchestral score and parts is A400992).","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44563645530248,"sku":"36-A220501","price":65.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A220501_large_da82e0c6-255c-4fa5-ad04-b440f05c7c82.jpg?v=1779256244"},{"product_id":"aida-act-ii-finale-complete-includes-triumphal-march-and-ballet-music-36-a220502","title":"Aida: Act II, Finale (complete, includes Triumphal March and Ballet Music): Full Orchestra, Score and parts","description":"AIDA, with music by Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901) and a libretto by Antonio Ghislanzoni, is a staple of the operatic repertoire. The story, set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt, tells of tragic love challenged by jealousy and loyalty to country and family. Commissioned by Cairo's Khedivial Opera House, it was premiered there on December 24th, 1871 in a performance conducted by Giovanni Bottesini, although, due to a limited audience, Verdi considered the performance at La Scala in Milan on February 8th, 1872 to be the true premiere. The Finale to Act II, which includes the Triumphal March and Ballet from the opera, has become a part of popular culture, showcasing the grand spectacle found in opera. Instrumentation: 2+Picc.2.2.2: 4.2+Egyptian Tpt.3.1: Timp.Perc(3): Str (4.4.3.3.3 in set): 15 Banda Pts: Vocal Soli: Mixed Chorus (The appropriate vocal\/choral score to match this set of orchestral score and parts is A400992).","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44564633878664,"sku":"36-A220502","price":285.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A220502_large_76279ab5-93c3-420f-b0ae-933a0daab547.jpg?v=1779256223"},{"product_id":"il-trovatore-anvil-chorus-and-miserere-98-db1075","title":"Il Trovatore (Anvil Chorus and Miserere): Concert Band Conductor Score \u0026 Parts","description":"Lloyd Conley has crafted a wonderful arrangement of excerpts from one of Verdi's most famous operas. These familiar melodies work very nicely scored for concert band, and will surely capture the interest of both your students and your audience. An outstanding arrangement! (4:45)","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44564656324744,"sku":"98-DB1075","price":50.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/98-B1075_large_fa70ea95-87ca-47d8-a575-375190fd4423.jpg?v=1779250724"},{"product_id":"aida-complete-36-a234291","title":"Aida (complete): Serious Opera, Keyboard Accompaniment, Vocal Score","description":"AIDA, with music by Giuseppe Verdi and a libretto by Antonio Ghislanzoni, is a staple of the operatic repertoire. The story, set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt, tells of tragic love challenged by jeolousy and loyalty to country and family. Commissioned by Cairo's Khedivial Opera House, it was premiered there on December 24th, 1871 in a performance conducted by Giovanni Bottesini, although, due to a limited audience, Verdi considered the performance at La Scala in Milan on February 8th, 1872 to be the true premiere. Vocal score.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44565168554120,"sku":"36-A234291","price":31.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A234291_large_76bda252-4077-4bf9-9848-9c65e4280452.jpg?v=1779255639"},{"product_id":"il-trovatore-act-iv-no-12-scena-aria-e-miserere-d-amor-sull-ali-rosee-soprano-36-a387802","title":"Il Trovatore: Act IV, No. 12; Scena, Aria e Miserere: D'amor sull'ali rosee (soprano): Serious Opera, Orchestra Accompaniment, Conductor Score \u0026 Parts","description":"The creation of the opera Il Trovatore by Guiseppe Verdi (1813-1901) was complicated by a variety of circumstances.  The original play by Garcia Gutierrez needed simplifying, and the traditional notions of Commarano, Verdi's three-time librettist, seemed at odds with his impulse for thematic depth.  To add to complications, soon after Verdi started to work on it, Cammarano passed away, leaving him scrambling to find another librettist.  Premiered at the Teatro Apollo in Rome on January 19, 1853, it quickly transcended the challenges of its genesis and became loved for its dark and fiery drama, vocal thrills, and famous innovations, including the familiar \"Anvil Chorus\" in Act 2.  Its Italian-language premiere took place in Paris on December 23, 1854, and this is the version most often performed.  In Act 4, Leonora sings \"D'amor sull'ali rosee\" as she lingers in disguise outside the prison where Manrico, the man she loves, is being held on account of trying to save his mother from execution. Instrumentation: 1.1.2.2: 1.0.0.0: Str (4-4-3-3-3 in set): Solo Soprano. Reprint edition.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44565178613896,"sku":"36-A387802","price":45.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A387802_large_bfe192ce-9986-431b-8e59-996c8df63434.jpg?v=1779255181"},{"product_id":"i-vespri-siciliani-act-v-no-14-chorus-and-siciliana-merce-dilette-amiche-soprano-36-a508302","title":"I Vespri Siciliani: Act V, No. 14; Chorus and Siciliana: Merce, dilette amiche (soprano): Full Orchestra, Conductor Score \u0026 Parts","description":"The first performance of I Vespri Siciliani (The Sicilian Vespers), a five-act opera by Guiseppe Verdi (1813-1901), took place at the Paris Opera on June 13, 1855, under the direction of Narcisse Girard.  Verdi set to music an adaptation of a libretto originally intended for Donizetti, called \"The Duke of Alba\", based on the 16th-century Spanish tyrant but replacing the earliest Dutch setting with a Sicilian one.  When it was first performed in Italy, the text was changed under the title \"Giovanna de Guzman\" to satisfy the Italian censors.  In 1860, it returned to its original title with a new translation.  Although not as frequently performed today, it achieved great success with both audiences and critics. Elena (Hélène) sings the Siciliana \"Mercè, dilette amiche\" (\"Thank you, beloved friends\") before her marriage to Henri, transforming wedding flowers into a metaphor for the joyful sensations of her Sicilian motherland. This is preceded by the chorus \"Si celebri alfine tra canti\" (\"It is celebrated at the end among the songs\"). Instrumentation: 1+Picc.2.2.2: 4.2+2.3.1: Timp.Perc(2): Harp: Str (4-4-3-3-3 in set): Solo Soprano. Reprint edition.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44565178744968,"sku":"36-A508302","price":75.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A508302_large_c926ec32-5d54-48b2-a6e6-c411429f4938.jpg?v=1779255185"},{"product_id":"nabucco-complete-opera-36-w747691","title":"Nabucco (Complete Opera): Serious Opera, Keyboard Accompaniment, Choral Score","description":"NABUCCO, a retelling of the biblical story of Jewish exile under the Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar, was Giuseppe Verdi's (1813-1901) first major operatic success, and was written reluctantly, following a difficult period in the composer's life. Having lost his young wife, Margherita, in the summer of 1840, and seeing his second opera, UN GIORNO DI REGNO, fail disastrously, closing after only a single performance in September 1840, Verdi was left understandably depressed and prepared to give up on music altogether. However, Bartolomeo Merelli, who ran the famed Milan opera house, La Scala, urged Verdi to write another opera. Verdi wrote Nabucco in 1841, and it was an instant commercial and critical success upon its premiere in 1842. Choral score. Reprint edition.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44565239431304,"sku":"36-W747691","price":17.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-W747691_large_aa7f3c78-24c3-450b-9353-cc8bbcb15e52.jpg?v=1779255572"},{"product_id":"forza-del-destino-la-act-ii-sc-10-no-7-finale-il-santo-nome-di-dio-la-vergine-degli-angeli-36-a333702","title":"Forza del Destino, La: Act II, Sc. 10 (No. 7), Finale: Il santo nome di Dio; La Vergine degli angeli: Serious Opera, Orchestra Accompaniment, Conductor Score \u0026 Parts","description":"The opera LA FORZA DEL DESTINO (THE FORCE OF DESTINY) by Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901) was written in 1862 and premiered in the Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre of Saint Petersburg, Russia on November 10 of that same year. The libretto was written by Francesco Maria Piave after Don Álvaro, o La fuerza del sino, by Ángel de Saavedra. Following many performances around the world that included some minor revisions, Verdi made extensive revisions in 1869. That revised version, which premiered at La Scala in Milan on February 27, 1869, is frequently performed today. In the Act II, Scene 10 (No. 7) finale, Leonora arrives at a monastery, desiring a life of atonement for her past. She prepares to retire into a cave for a trial of solitude as the abbot and the monks lift their voices in prayer (Il santo nome di Dio; La Vergine degli angeli). Instrumentation: 1+Picc.2.2.2: 4.2.3.1: Timp.Perc(1): Hp.Org: Str(4.4.3.3.3 in set): Soli Sop.Bar.Bs: Men Chor. Reprint edition.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44565241561224,"sku":"36-A333702","price":75.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/book-placeholder_1e1dc2e2-d72c-4dae-9f4c-f355a7fae4d0.png?v=1780977404"},{"product_id":"grand-march-from-i-aida-i-81-bc9711","title":"Grand March (from \u003ci\u003eAida\u003c\/i\u003e): Brass Choir Score \u0026 Parts","description":"This classic orchestral work is fantastic as a showpiece for the entire ensemble. This piece shows off the technique, range, power and beauty of sound found in a professional brass choir. It is scored for 4 trumpets (including one piccolo), 4 horns, 3 trombones, 1 euphonium, 1 tuba and 2 percussionists. If any orchestral brass player has played the original then they are guaranteed to want to perform it in this new brass setting.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44565456355464,"sku":"81-BC9711","price":40.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/81-BC9711_large_5365cca2-5fb6-4b24-8079-e52e0ded001b.jpg?v=1779255349"},{"product_id":"aida-in-full-score-06-261727","title":"Aida in Full Score: Vocal Full Score","description":"Full score edition reproduced from the original G. Ricordi, Milan edition, Verdi's Aida is grand opera at its highest form.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44565457830024,"sku":"06-261727","price":49.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/06-261727_large_11c1f4af-6368-45d1-9105-7ead0dddf6cc.jpg?v=1779255257"},{"product_id":"aida-act-ii-coro-gloria-all-egitto-ad-iside-36-a340492","title":"Aida: Act II, Coro: Gloria all'Egitto, ad Iside: Serious Opera, Orchestra Accompaniment, Choral Score Octavo","description":"AIDA, with music by Giuseppe Verdi and a libretto by Antonio Ghislanzoni, is a staple of the operatic repertoire.  The story, set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt, tells of tragic love challenged by jealousy and loyalty to country and family.  Commissioned by Cairo's Khedivial Opera House, it was premiered there on December 24th, 1871 in a performance conducted by Giovanni Bottesini, although, due to a limited audience, Verdi considered the performance at La Scala in Milan on February 8th, 1872 to be the true premiere. The chorus \"Gloria all'Egitto, ad Iside\" (Glory to Egypt, and to Isis!) takes place at the beginning of Act II, Scene 2, as Radamès and his troops return victorious to the city after their battle with the Ethiopian army and its King Amonasro, Aida's father. Instrumention: 2+Picc.2.2.2: 4.2.3.1: Timp.Perc(1): Banda (ECl.2Cl.3Hn.3Cnt.3Tbn.Bar.2Tba): Str (4.4.3.3.3 in set): Mx Chor. Reprint Edition","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44565476343944,"sku":"36-A340492","price":1.75,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A340492_large_591c6b36-87c1-4a17-83e9-9e4b671c3d45.jpg?v=1779255571"},{"product_id":"aida-complete-36-a234202","title":"Aida (complete): Score \u0026 Parts","description":"AIDA, with music by Giuseppe Verdi and a libretto by Antonio Ghislanzoni, is a staple of the operatic repertoire.  The story, set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt, tells of tragic love challenged by jeolousy and loyalty to country and family.  Commissioned by Cairo's Khedivial Opera House, it was premiered there on December 24th, 1871 in a performance conducted by Giovanni Bottesini, although, due to a limited audience, Verdi considered the performance at La Scala in Milan on February 8th, 1872 to be the true premiere.  3(3dPicc).2+EH.2+BCl.2: 4.2.3.1: Timp.Perc(2-3): Hp: Str (4-4-3-3-3): Onstage\/Banda (29 Winds, Brass, Perc, Hp): Vocal soli (8 roles, SSATTBBB): Chorus.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566614081672,"sku":"36-A234202","price":1200.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A234202_large_5e74e043-6857-4aeb-a476-d9140713bd15.jpg?v=1779255349"},{"product_id":"aida-complete-36-a234201","title":"Aida (complete): Conductor Score","description":"AIDA, with music by Giuseppe Verdi and a libretto by Antonio Ghislanzoni, is a staple of the operatic repertoire.  The story, set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt, tells of tragic love challenged by jeolousy and loyalty to country and family.  Commissioned by Cairo's Khedivial Opera House, it was premiered there on December 24th, 1871 in a performance conducted by Giovanni Bottesini, although, due to a limited audience, Verdi considered the performance at La Scala in Milan on February 8th, 1872 to be the true premiere.  3(3dPicc).2+EH.2+BCl.2: 4.2.3.1: Timp.Perc(2-3): Hp: Str (4-4-3-3-3): Onstage\/Banda (29 Winds, Brass, Perc, Hp): Vocal soli (8 roles, SSATTBBB): Chorus.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566614442120,"sku":"36-A234201","price":225.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A234201_large_b25c4992-db3c-44b5-8567-a24ae7805361.jpg?v=1779256244"},{"product_id":"i-vespri-siciliani-overture-36-a220301","title":"I Vespri Siciliani: Overture: Full Orchestra, Full Score","description":"The first performance of I VESPRI SICILIANI (THE SICILIAN VESPERS), a five-act opera by Guiseppe Verdi (1813-1901), took place at the Paris Opera on June 13, 1855, under the direction of Narcisse Girard. Verdi set to music an adaptation of a libretto originally intended for Donizetti, called THE DUKE OF ALBA, based on the 16th-century Spanish tyrant but replacing the earliest Dutch setting with a Sicilian one. When it was first performed in Italy, the text was changed under the title GIOVANNA DE GUZMAN to satisfy the Italian censors. In 1860, it returned to its original title with a new translation. Although not as frequently performed today, it achieved great success with both audiences and critics in Verdi's lifetime. After a sinister introduction, the OVERTURE introduces three of the principal themes in the opera before rushing to a brilliant conclusion. Instrumentation: 1+Picc.2.2.2: 4.2+2Crnt.3.1: Timp.Perc(2-3): Str (9.8.7.6.5 in set).","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566623944840,"sku":"36-A220301","price":40.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A220301_large_50fe94a2-1a6e-4055-baac-b3bd67f9c2cd.jpg?v=1779255719"},{"product_id":"macbeth-complete-1865-version-36-a317702","title":"Macbeth (complete 1865 version): Conductor Score \u0026 Parts","description":"Written for the Teatro della Pergola in Florence, and premiering on March 14 1847, MACBETH was Verdi's tenth opera and the first genuine masterpiece of his career. Adamant about creating an opera \"unlike any other,\" it met with immediate success, though it struck Italian audiences as an oddity due to its lack of a great love affair as part of the plot. Seeking to do something musically different, Verdi wrote to librettist Francesco Piave, \"If we cannot make it a masterpiece, let us at least do something out of the ordinary.\"  The opera breaks many of the rules common in the framework of Italian opera, favoring a more fluid, cohesively unfolding music drama in, as Verdi later admitted, his own attempt at the Wagnerian \"fusion of music and drama.\" Almost twenty years after the premiere, interest in a French version for a Paris premiere drove Verdi to revise and expand the opera. This version, with substantial changes and additions to the music and libretto both, premiered in Paris on April 19 1865, and the Italian translation of this remains the preferred version for modern performances, although often MacBeth's death scene from the first version replaces the revised last act. Truly a great opera, and a favorite of Verdi himself, the opera has not shared the success of the composer's other works, but this is not due to any deficiency in the music, which captivates the listener from the beginning to the end. Instrumentation: 1+Picc.2+EH.2+BCl.2: 4.2.3+BTbn.0: Timp.Perc(2): Hp: Str (4.4.3.3.3 in set): Onstage (Picc.PiccCl.3Cl.2Bsn.Ctrbsn.4Hn.4Tpt.Flglhn.3Tbn.2Tubas.SnDr): Off-stage (2Ob.6Cl.2Bsn.CBsn): Vocal soli (10 roles, SATTBBBBBB): Chorus.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566624141448,"sku":"36-A317702","price":875.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A317702_large_932703d1-0782-45ca-9140-d8546e90b27e.jpg?v=1779255719"},{"product_id":"otello-a-lyric-drama-in-four-acts-complete-36-a234302","title":"Otello: A Lyric Drama in Four Acts (complete): Score \u0026 Parts","description":"OTELLO marked Giuseppe Verdi's return to composing following his first retirement after writing AIDA. This retelling of Shakespeare's classic revenge tale was originally titled IAGO, after the Moorish general's villainous subordinate, so as to prevent confusion with Rossini's OTELLO. Iago, upset with Otello's decision to promote the younger soldier Cassio over him, devises a plot to convince Otello that his wife Desdemona has been unfaithful to him while implicating Cassio in her infidelity. The jealous Otello strangles his wife just before learning the truth about Iago's plot, after which he kills himself. The notoriously difficult title tenor role has been played by such luminaries as Ramon Vinay, Placido Domingo, and more recently, Russell Thomas. Instrumentation: 3(3dPiccc).2+EH.2+BCl.4: 4.2+2Crnt.4.0: Timp.Perc(2): Hp: Str (4-4-3-3-3 in set): Band (3Hn.9Tpt\/Crnt.3Tbn.Mand.2Gtrs.Lightning.Thunder.Org): Vocal Soli (9 roles, SATTTBBBB): Chorus.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566624174216,"sku":"36-A234302","price":1100.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A234302_large_089ffb1b-d1b3-48dc-83e9-3e04dc33e78b.jpg?v=1779255719"},{"product_id":"otello-a-lyric-drama-in-four-acts-complete-36-a234301","title":"Otello: A Lyric Drama in Four Acts (complete): Conductor Score","description":"OTELLO marked Giuseppe Verdi's return to composing following his first retirement after writing AIDA. This retelling of Shakespeare's classic revenge tale was originally titled IAGO, after the Moorish general's villainous subordinate, so as to prevent confusion with Rossini's OTELLO. Iago, upset with Otello's decision to promote the younger soldier Cassio over him, devises a plot to convince Otello that his wife Desdemona has been unfaithful to him while implicating Cassio in her infidelity. The jealous Otello strangles his wife just before learning the truth about Iago's plot, after which he kills himself. The notoriously difficult title tenor role has been played by such luminaries as Ramon Vinay, Placido Domingo, and more recently, Russell Thomas. Instrumentation: 3(3dPiccc).2+EH.2+BCl.4: 4.2+2Crnt.4.0: Timp.Perc(2): Hp: Str (4-4-3-3-3 in set): Band (3Hn.9Tpt\/Crnt.3Tbn.Mand.2Gtrs.Lightning.Thunder.Org): Vocal Soli (9 roles, SATTTBBBB): Chorus.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566624338056,"sku":"36-A234301","price":290.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A234301_large_54f57bc8-e810-4697-a084-4066f9c10f79.jpg?v=1779255350"},{"product_id":"octet-op-71-36-m308301","title":"Octet, Op. 71: Conductor Score \u0026 Parts","description":"Alkan, Charles Valentin. Published by Masters Music, Boca Raton, FL. Copyright 1999. Reprint edition.  Suites 1 and 2 are also available.  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(1:58) This title is available in MakeMusic Cloud.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566643736712,"sku":"00-20716","price":46.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/00-20716_large_ab8436ef-9514-447f-84f9-7a244fafb083.jpg?v=1779255534"},{"product_id":"anvil-chorus-00-20716s","title":"Anvil Chorus: String Orchestra Conductor Score","description":"This colorful arrangement of the \"Anvil Chorus\" from Verdi's \u003ci\u003eIl Trovatore\u003c\/i\u003e begins with an energetic introduction played by all the strings. It is followed by the rousing main theme, which recalls the opera's Spanish gypsies as they strike their anvils at dawn and sing the praises of hard work and good times. While the grand melody is heard, players re-create the heavy anvil rhythm that makes this classic so memorable. (1:58) This title is available in MakeMusic Cloud.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566649831560,"sku":"00-20716S","price":6.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/00-20716S_large_ebfbcc53-12dd-4152-b62f-154c77b07b47.jpg?v=1779255252"},{"product_id":"i-vespri-siciliani-36-a461602","title":"I Vespri Siciliani: Serious Opera, Orchestra Accompaniment, Conductor Score \u0026 Parts","description":"Giuseppe Verdi's (1813-1901) I VESPRI SICILIANI premiered on June 13, 1855, at the Paris Opéra under its original French title, LES VÊPRES SICILIENNES. Set against the backdrop of the 13th-century Sicilian Vespers uprising against French occupation, the opera weaves themes of patriotism, political intrigue, and personal sacrifice. The story follows the nobleman Arrigo, torn between loyalty to his father--who leads the occupying forces--and his love for Elena, a Sicilian duchess seeking revenge for her brother's execution. Though not as frequently staged as Verdi's more canonical works like LA TRAVIATA or RIGOLETTO, I VESPRI SICILIANI is admired for its ambitious scope, stirring choruses, and majestic orchestration. Today, it holds a respected place in the repertoire as a transitional work that bridges Verdi's early and middle periods, especially when performed with a strong cast capable of meeting its demanding vocal and dramatic challenges. Instrumentation: 1+Picc.2.2.2: 4.2+2Cnt.3.1: Timp.Perc(7-8): Hp: Str (4.4.3.3.3 in set): Vocal Soli (11 roles, SATTTTBBBBB): Chorus. Reprint edition.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566668705928,"sku":"36-A461602","price":1500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A461602_large_3617f368-16fc-4e88-b823-c286b8784372.jpg?v=1779255190"},{"product_id":"i-vespri-siciliani-36-a461698","title":"I Vespri Siciliani: Serious Opera, Orchestra Accompaniment, T\/B Choral Octavo","description":"Giuseppe Verdi's (1813-1901) I VESPRI SICILIANI premiered on June 13, 1855, at the Paris Opéra under its original French title, LES VÊPRES SICILIENNES. Set against the backdrop of the 13th-century Sicilian Vespers uprising against French occupation, the opera weaves themes of patriotism, political intrigue, and personal sacrifice. 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Reprint edition.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566668738696,"sku":"36-A461698","price":7.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A461698_large_29811879-17e9-4993-97eb-adddf56d064f.jpg?v=1779255638"},{"product_id":"i-vespri-siciliani-act-iii-nos-11-14-le-quattro-stagioni-the-four-seasons-36-a454002","title":"I Vespri Siciliani: Act III, Nos. 11-14: Le Quattro Stagioni (The Four Seasons): Full Orchestra, Conductor Score \u0026 Parts","description":"The first performance of I VESPRI SICILIANI (THE SICILIAN VESPERS), a five-act opera by Guiseppe Verdi (1813-1901), took place at the Paris Opera on June 13, 1855, under the direction of Narcisse Girard. Verdi set to music an adaptation of a libretto originally intended for Donizetti, called THE DUKE OF ALBA, based on the 16th-century Spanish tyrant but replacing the earliest Dutch setting with a Sicilian one. When it was first performed in Italy, the text was changed under the title GIOVANNA DE GUZMAN to satisfy the Italian censors. In 1860, it returned to its original title with a new translation. Although not as frequently performed today, it achieved great success with both audiences and critics in Verdi's lifetime. The extended ballet in Act III, Le Quattro Stagioni (The Four Seasons), was included in the premiere to appease the Parisian audience. Verdi removed the ballet in 1856, and today it is rarely performed in productions of the opera. Instrumentation: 1+Picc.2.2.2: 4.2+2Crnt.3.1: Timp.Perc(3): Hp: Str (9.8.7.6.5 in set). Reprint edition.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566669099144,"sku":"36-A454002","price":375.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A454002_large_31852edf-38da-4516-9bd3-8ed38e37fba6.jpg?v=1779255189"},{"product_id":"i-vespri-siciliani-36-a461697","title":"I Vespri Siciliani: Serious Opera, Orchestra Accompaniment, S\/A Choral Octavo","description":"Giuseppe Verdi's (1813-1901) I VESPRI SICILIANI premiered on June 13, 1855, at the Paris Opéra under its original French title, LES VÊPRES SICILIENNES. Set against the backdrop of the 13th-century Sicilian Vespers uprising against French occupation, the opera weaves themes of patriotism, political intrigue, and personal sacrifice. The story follows the nobleman Arrigo, torn between loyalty to his father--who leads the occupying forces--and his love for Elena, a Sicilian duchess seeking revenge for her brother's execution. Though not as frequently staged as Verdi's more canonical works like LA TRAVIATA or RIGOLETTO, I VESPRI SICILIANI is admired for its ambitious scope, stirring choruses, and majestic orchestration. Today, it holds a respected place in the repertoire as a transitional work that bridges Verdi's early and middle periods, especially when performed with a strong cast capable of meeting its demanding vocal and dramatic challenges. Instrumentation: 1+Picc.2.2.2: 4.2+2Cnt.3.1: Timp.Perc(7-8): Hp: Str (4.4.3.3.3 in set): Vocal Soli (11 roles, SATTTTBBBBB): Chorus. Reprint edition.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566669197448,"sku":"36-A461697","price":3.25,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A461697_large_7ac2b2ab-59cf-428f-aa77-26eec9b8a3a7.jpg?v=1779255638"},{"product_id":"aida-act-i-romanza-celeste-aida-tenor-36-a311901","title":"Aida: Act I, Romanza: Celeste Aida (tenor): Serious Opera, Orchestra Accompaniment, Full Score","description":"AIDA, with music by Giuseppe Verdi and a libretto by Antonio Ghislanzoni, is a staple of the operatic repertoire. The story, set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt, tells of tragic love challenged by jealousy and loyalty to country and family. Commissioned by Cairo's Khedivial Opera House, it was premiered there on December 24th, 1871 in a performance conducted by Giovanni Bottesini, although, due to a limited audience, Verdi considered the performance at La Scala in Milan on February 8th, 1872 to be the true premiere. The aria, \"Celeste Aida\" (Heavenly Aida) is sung by Radamès near the beginning of Act I, where he dreams of victory on the battlefield against the Ethiopians (\"Se quel guerrier io fossi!\") and also dreams of his secret love of the Ethiopian slave, Aida. Instrumention: 2.2.2.2: 4.2.3.0: Str (4.4.3.3.3 in set): Solo Tenor. Reprint Edition","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566687645832,"sku":"36-A311901","price":8.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A311901_large_0d67db22-8e45-4dd7-a229-320ea39db485.jpg?v=1779255589"},{"product_id":"la-traviata-complete-36-a234101","title":"La Traviata (complete): Serious Opera, Orchestra Accompaniment, Full Score","description":"LA TRAVIATA (The Fallen Woman) is based on La Dame aux camélias (1852), a play adapted from the novel by Alexandre Dumas fils. The opera was originally titled VIOLETTA, after the main character. Librettist Maria Piave and composer Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901) wanted to follow Dumas in giving the opera a contemporary setting, but the authorities at La Fenice insisted that it be set in the past, ca. 1700. It was not until the 1880's that the composer's and librettist's original wishes were carried out and \"realistic\" productions were staged. LA TRAVIATA has become immensely popular and is among the most frequently performed of all operas. Instrumentation: 2(both dPicc).2.2.2: 4.2.3.1: Timp.Perc(2): Hp: Str (4.4.3.3.3 in set): Banda (Picc, 2 PiccCl, 2 Cl, 2 Hn, 3 Tpt, Flic, 2 Tbn, Tuba, Tamb): Vocal Soli (12 roles, SSATTTBBBBBB): Chorus. Reprint edition.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566687678600,"sku":"36-A234101","price":225.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A234101_large_05c7c97c-7673-44c5-8715-fd4d6cb472e4.jpg?v=1779255589"},{"product_id":"la-traviata-complete-36-a234102","title":"La Traviata (complete): Serious Opera, Orchestra Accompaniment, Score and Parts","description":"LA TRAVIATA (The Fallen Woman) is based on La Dame aux camélias (1852), a play adapted from the novel by Alexandre Dumas fils. The opera was originally titled VIOLETTA, after the main character. Librettist Maria Piave and composer Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901) wanted to follow Dumas in giving the opera a contemporary setting, but the authorities at La Fenice insisted that it be set in the past, ca. 1700. It was not until the 1880's that the composer's and librettist's original wishes were carried out and \"realistic\" productions were staged. LA TRAVIATA has become immensely popular and is among the most frequently performed of all operas. Instrumentation: 2(both dPicc).2.2.2: 4.2.3.1: Timp.Perc(2): Hp: Str (4.4.3.3.3 in set): Banda (Picc, 2 PiccCl, 2 Cl, 2 Hn, 3 Tpt, Flic, 2 Tbn, Tuba, Tamb): Vocal Soli (12 roles, SSATTTBBBBBB): Chorus. Reprint edition.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566687744136,"sku":"36-A234102","price":950.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A234102_large_3e49e1d5-692e-44dc-85ee-70283dd0ac5e.jpg?v=1779255589"},{"product_id":"aida-act-i-romanza-celeste-aida-tenor-36-a311902","title":"Aida: Act I, Romanza: Celeste Aida (tenor): Serious Opera, Orchestra Accompaniment, Score and Parts","description":"AIDA, with music by Giuseppe Verdi and a libretto by Antonio Ghislanzoni, is a staple of the operatic repertoire. The story, set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt, tells of tragic love challenged by jealousy and loyalty to country and family. 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Reprint Edition","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566687973512,"sku":"36-A311902","price":75.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A311902_large_54d83c92-3678-4a2f-85a9-abc23d083d89.jpg?v=1779255589"},{"product_id":"aida-act-ii-scena-chi-mai-fra-gl-inni-ah-vieni-amor-dance-of-the-moorish-slaves-alto-36-a381502","title":"Aida: Act II, Scena: Chi mai fra gl'inni; Ah! vieni amor; Dance of the Moorish Slaves (alto): Serious Opera, Orchestra Accompaniment, Score and Parts","description":"AIDA, with music by Giuseppe Verdi and a libretto by Antonio Ghislanzoni, is a staple of the operatic repertoire. The story, set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt, tells of tragic love challenged by jealousy and loyalty to country and family. Commissioned by Cairo's Khedivial Opera House, it was premiered there on December 24th, 1871 in a performance conducted by Giovanni Bottesini, although, due to a limited audience, Verdi considered the performance at La Scala in Milan on February 8th, 1872 to be the true premiere. At the beginning of Act II, Scene 1, the people celebrate the victory of Radamès over the Ethiopian army, with the chorus singing \"Chi mai fra gli inni e i plausi\" (Our songs his glory praising). In the midst of this, though, Amneris expresses her continued doubt that Radames loves her and speculates if Aida also loves him in \"Ah! vieni amor.\" In an effort to distract herself from his line of thought, she entertains herself with a Dance of the Moorish Slaves while she and the chorus sing \"Vieni: sul crin ti piovano\" (Come bind your flowing tresses). Instrumention: 2+1(Picc).2.2.2: 2.2.2.1: Timp:Perc(2-3): Hp: Str (4.4.3.3.3 in set): Solo Alto: Women's Chorus. Reprint Edition","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566688039048,"sku":"36-A381502","price":80.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A381502_large_e9f6ca31-15d5-4f34-ba51-0ce9c6a82583.jpg?v=1779255591"},{"product_id":"aida-act-ii-scena-chi-mai-fra-gl-inni-ah-vieni-amor-dance-of-the-moorish-slaves-alto-36-a381501","title":"Aida: Act II, Scena: Chi mai fra gl'inni; Ah! vieni amor; Dance of the Moorish Slaves (alto): Serious Opera, Orchestra Accompaniment, Full Score","description":"AIDA, with music by Giuseppe Verdi and a libretto by Antonio Ghislanzoni, is a staple of the operatic repertoire. The story, set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt, tells of tragic love challenged by jealousy and loyalty to country and family. Commissioned by Cairo's Khedivial Opera House, it was premiered there on December 24th, 1871 in a performance conducted by Giovanni Bottesini, although, due to a limited audience, Verdi considered the performance at La Scala in Milan on February 8th, 1872 to be the true premiere. At the beginning of Act II, Scene 1, the people celebrate the victory of Radamès over the Ethiopian army, with the chorus singing \"Chi mai fra gli inni e i plausi\" (Our songs his glory praising). In the midst of this, though, Amneris expresses her continued doubt that Radames loves her and speculates if Aida also loves him in \"Ah! vieni amor.\" In an effort to distract herself from his line of thought, she entertains herself with a Dance of the Moorish Slaves while she and the chorus sing \"Vieni: sul crin ti piovano\" (Come bind your flowing tresses). Instrumention: 2+1(Picc).2.2.2: 2.2.2.1: Timp:Perc(2-3): Hp: Str (4.4.3.3.3 in set): Solo Alto: Women's Chorus. Reprint Edition","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566688366728,"sku":"36-A381501","price":15.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A381501_large_4b816192-9b13-4650-8547-fc18597b70e9.jpg?v=1779255590"},{"product_id":"il-trovatore-act-ii-coro-di-zingari-chorus-of-the-gypsies-anvil-chorus-vedi-le-fosche-excerpt-36-a308392","title":"Il Trovatore: Act II, Coro di Zingari\/Chorus of the Gypsies (Anvil Chorus): Vedi! le fosche (excerpt): Serious Opera, Keyboard Accompaniment Conductor Score","description":"Perhaps the best-known music from Giuseppe Verdi's (1813-1901) 4 Act opera Il Trovatore, the Coro di Zingari (Chorus of the Gypsies), or \"Anvil Chorus,\" from the beginning of the Act 2 depicts Spanish gypsies singing the praises of hard work, good wine, and their gypsy women, all while striking their anvils at dawn. This choral score includes piano accompaniment so that it may be performed with piano only or with the larger orchestra accompaniment.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566725066888,"sku":"36-A308392","price":1.75,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A308392_large_63bf7582-6a2c-45be-8874-db591e9113c1.jpg?v=1779255350"},{"product_id":"rigoletto-act-iii-quartets-un-di-se-ben-rammentomi-bella-figlia-dell-amore-excerpt-36-a314302","title":"Rigoletto: Act III, Quartets: Un di se ben rammentomi; Bella figlia dell'amore (excerpt): Serious Opera, Orchestra Accompaniment, Score and Parts (EDWIN F KALMUS)","description":"Based on the 1832 play LE ROI S'AMUSE by Victor Hugo, Guiseppe Verdi's (1812-1901) RIGOLETTO was the composer's sixteenth entry into the genre and is widely considered one of the first operatic masterpieces of his career. Despite serious initial problems with the Austrian censors who had control over northern Italian theaters at the time, the tragic tale of the licentious Duke of Mantua, his hunch-backed jester Rigoletto, and Rigoletto's beloved daughter Gilda was triumphantly premiered on March 11, 1851 to a sold-out La Fenice Opera House under the direction of Gaetano Mares. The work proved so popular that the aria \"La donna è mobile\" was sung in the streets the morning after its debut. Rigoletto has remained as popular with audiences today as it was at its debut. While initially critics condemned the work for its tragically dark plot partnered with what they claimed was \"popular\" but insubstantial music, the opera has since gained overwhelming positive reception. Igor Stranvinsky even remarked, \"there is more substance and feeling [in the aria \"La donna è mobile\"] than in the whole of Wagner's Ring Cycle.\" The two quartets \"Un dì se ben rammentomi\" (One day, if I remember rightly) and \"Bella figlia dell'amore\" (Fairest daughter of love) both take place one after the other towards the beginning of Act III. The Duke, having seduced Rigoletto's daughter Gilda, now attempts to seduce Maddalena, the sister of the assassin Rigoletto has hired in the assassin's house. Meanwhile, Rigoletto and Gilda listen outside of the house to the Duke's attempt, as Gilda learns he is nothing more than a lech. Instrumentation: 1+Picc.2.2.2: 4.2.3.1: Str (4.4.3.3.3 in set): Vocal Soli (Sop.CAlt.Ten.Bar). Reprint edition.","brand":"Alfred Music","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44566725656712,"sku":"36-A314302","price":65.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0697\/6104\/0520\/files\/36-A314302_large_4850b2b9-d604-4da6-ab9a-49dd751e668e.jpg?v=1779255181"},{"product_id":"macbeth-ballet-music-no-13-36-a808402","title":"Macbeth: Ballet Music (No. 13): Full Orchestra, Conductor Score \u0026 Parts","description":"Written for the Teatro della Pergola in Florence, and premiering on March 14 1847, MACBETH was Verdi's tenth opera and the first genuine masterpiece of his career. Adamant about creating an opera \"unlike any other,\" it met with immediate success, though it struck Italian audiences as an oddity due to its lack of a great love affair as part of the plot. Seeking to do something musically different, Verdi wrote to librettist Francesco Piave, \"If we cannot make it a masterpiece, let us at least do something out of the ordinary.\"  The opera breaks many of the rules common in the framework of Italian opera, favoring a more fluid, cohesively unfolding music drama in, as Verdi later admitted, his own attempt at the Wagnerian \"fusion of music and drama.\" Almost twenty years after the premiere, interest in a French version for a Paris premiere drove Verdi to revise and expand the opera. This version, with substantial changes and additions to the music and libretto both, premiered in Paris on April 19 1865, and the Italian translation of this remains the preferred version for modern performances, although often MacBeth's death scene from the first version replaces the revised last act. The BALLET MUSIC (No. 13) which Verdi wrote for the beginning of Act III for his revised version did not impress the Parisian audiences at the 1865 premiere, largely because it did not suit their tastes which then lent itself towards more lightweight, virtuosic diversion. Verdi, however, was convinced by his more dramatic ballet concept, and the the 1874 Milan production met with great success. The BALLET MUSIC is now also frequently performed in concert setting. Instrumentation: 1+Picc.2.2 (1st d. BCl).2: 4.2.3+BTbn.0: Timp.Perc(1-2): Str (9.8.7.6.5 in set). 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Following many performances around the world that included some minor revisions, Verdi made extensive revisions in 1869. That revised version, which premiered at La Scala in Milan on February 27, 1869, is frequently performed today. In the Act II, Scene 10 (No. 7) finale, Leonora arrives at a monastery, desiring a life of atonement for her past. She prepares to retire into a cave for a trial of solitude as the abbot and the monks lift their voices in prayer (Il santo nome di Dio; La Vergine degli angeli). Instrumentation: 1+Picc.2.2.2: 4.2.3.1: Timp.Perc(1): Hp.Org: Str(4.4.3.3.3 in set): Soli Sop.Bar.Bs: Men Chor. 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Despite serious initial problems with the Austrian censors who had control over northern Italian theaters at the time, the tragic tale of the licentious Duke of Mantua, his hunch-backed jester Rigoletto, and Rigoletto's beloved daughter Gilda was triumphantly premiered on March 11, 1851 to a sold-out La Fenice Opera House under the direction of Gaetano Mares. RIGOLETTO has remained as popular with audiences today as it was at its debut. While initially critics condemned the work for its tragically dark plot partnered with what they claimed was \"popular\" but insubstantial music, the opera has since gained overwhelming positive reception. In Act II's powerful aria and duet \"Sì, vendetta,\" Rigoletto convinces the devastated Gilda, who has just been dishonored by the Duke, to join him in swearing vengeance. 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